FreeType-2.2.1 API Reference

Glyph Management

Synopsis

FT_GlyphFT_OutlineGlyphRecft_glyph_bbox_xxx
FT_GlyphRecFT_Get_GlyphFT_Glyph_Get_CBox
FT_BitmapGlyphFT_Glyph_CopyFT_Glyph_To_Bitmap
FT_BitmapGlyphRecFT_Glyph_TransformFT_Done_Glyph
FT_OutlineGlyphFT_Glyph_BBox_Mode


This section contains definitions used to manage glyph data through generic FT_Glyph objects. Each of them can contain a bitmap, a vector outline, or even images in other formats.


FT_Glyph


  typedef struct FT_GlyphRec_*  FT_Glyph;


Handle to an object used to model generic glyph images. It is a pointer to the FT_GlyphRec structure and can contain a glyph bitmap or pointer.


note

Glyph objects are not owned by the library. You must thus release them manually (through FT_Done_Glyph) before calling FT_Done_FreeType.


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FT_GlyphRec


  typedef struct  FT_GlyphRec_
  {
    FT_Library             library;
    const FT_Glyph_Class*  clazz;
    FT_Glyph_Format        format;
    FT_Vector              advance;

  } FT_GlyphRec;


The root glyph structure contains a given glyph image plus its advance width in 16.16 fixed float format.


fields
library

A handle to the FreeType library object.

clazz

A pointer to the glyph's class. Private.

format

The format of the glyph's image.

advance

A 16.16 vector that gives the glyph's advance width.


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FT_BitmapGlyph


  typedef struct FT_BitmapGlyphRec_*  FT_BitmapGlyph;


A handle to an object used to model a bitmap glyph image. This is a sub-class of FT_Glyph, and a pointer to FT_BitmapGlyphRec.



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FT_BitmapGlyphRec


  typedef struct  FT_BitmapGlyphRec_
  {
    FT_GlyphRec  root;
    FT_Int       left;
    FT_Int       top;
    FT_Bitmap    bitmap;

  } FT_BitmapGlyphRec;


A structure used for bitmap glyph images. This really is a ‘sub-class’ of FT_GlyphRec.


fields
root

The root FT_Glyph fields.

left

The left-side bearing, i.e., the horizontal distance from the current pen position to the left border of the glyph bitmap.

top

The top-side bearing, i.e., the vertical distance from the current pen position to the top border of the glyph bitmap. This distance is positive for upwards-y!

bitmap

A descriptor for the bitmap.

note

You can typecast an FT_Glyph to FT_BitmapGlyph if you have ‘glyph->format == FT_GLYPH_FORMAT_BITMAP’. This lets you access the bitmap's contents easily.

The corresponding pixel buffer is always owned by FT_BitmapGlyph and is thus created and destroyed with it.


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FT_OutlineGlyph


  typedef struct FT_OutlineGlyphRec_*  FT_OutlineGlyph;


A handle to an object used to model an outline glyph image. This is a sub-class of FT_Glyph, and a pointer to FT_OutlineGlyphRec.



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FT_OutlineGlyphRec


  typedef struct  FT_OutlineGlyphRec_
  {
    FT_GlyphRec  root;
    FT_Outline   outline;

  } FT_OutlineGlyphRec;


A structure used for outline (vectorial) glyph images. This really is a ‘sub-class’ of FT_GlyphRec.


fields
root

The root FT_Glyph fields.

outline

A descriptor for the outline.

note

You can typecast a FT_Glyph to FT_OutlineGlyph if you have ‘glyph->format == FT_GLYPH_FORMAT_OUTLINE’. This lets you access the outline's content easily.

As the outline is extracted from a glyph slot, its coordinates are expressed normally in 26.6 pixels, unless the flag FT_LOAD_NO_SCALE was used in FT_Load_Glyph() or FT_Load_Char().

The outline's tables are always owned by the object and are destroyed with it.


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FT_Get_Glyph


  FT_EXPORT( FT_Error )
  FT_Get_Glyph( FT_GlyphSlot  slot,
                FT_Glyph     *aglyph );


A function used to extract a glyph image from a slot.


input
slot

A handle to the source glyph slot.

output
aglyph

A handle to the glyph object.

return

FreeType error code. 0 means success.


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FT_Glyph_Copy


  FT_EXPORT( FT_Error )
  FT_Glyph_Copy( FT_Glyph   source,
                 FT_Glyph  *target );


A function used to copy a glyph image. Note that the created FT_Glyph object must be released with FT_Done_Glyph.


input
source

A handle to the source glyph object.

output
target

A handle to the target glyph object. 0 in case of error.

return

FreeType error code. 0 means success.


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FT_Glyph_Transform


  FT_EXPORT( FT_Error )
  FT_Glyph_Transform( FT_Glyph    glyph,
                      FT_Matrix*  matrix,
                      FT_Vector*  delta );


Transforms a glyph image if its format is scalable.


inout
glyph

A handle to the target glyph object.

input
matrix

A pointer to a 2x2 matrix to apply.

delta

A pointer to a 2d vector to apply. Coordinates are expressed in 1/64th of a pixel.

return

FreeType error code (if not 0, the glyph format is not scalable).

note

The 2x2 transformation matrix is also applied to the glyph's advance vector.


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FT_Glyph_BBox_Mode


  typedef enum  FT_Glyph_BBox_Mode_
  {
    FT_GLYPH_BBOX_UNSCALED  = 0,
    FT_GLYPH_BBOX_SUBPIXELS = 0,
    FT_GLYPH_BBOX_GRIDFIT   = 1,
    FT_GLYPH_BBOX_TRUNCATE  = 2,
    FT_GLYPH_BBOX_PIXELS    = 3

  } FT_Glyph_BBox_Mode;


The mode how the values of FT_Glyph_Get_CBox are returned.


values
FT_GLYPH_BBOX_UNSCALED

Return unscaled font units.

FT_GLYPH_BBOX_SUBPIXELS

Return unfitted 26.6 coordinates.

FT_GLYPH_BBOX_GRIDFIT

Return grid-fitted 26.6 coordinates.

FT_GLYPH_BBOX_TRUNCATE

Return coordinates in integer pixels.

FT_GLYPH_BBOX_PIXELS

Return grid-fitted pixel coordinates.


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ft_glyph_bbox_xxx


#define ft_glyph_bbox_unscaled   FT_GLYPH_BBOX_UNSCALED
#define ft_glyph_bbox_subpixels  FT_GLYPH_BBOX_SUBPIXELS
#define ft_glyph_bbox_gridfit    FT_GLYPH_BBOX_GRIDFIT
#define ft_glyph_bbox_truncate   FT_GLYPH_BBOX_TRUNCATE
#define ft_glyph_bbox_pixels     FT_GLYPH_BBOX_PIXELS


These constants are deprecated. Use the corresponding FT_Glyph_BBox_Mode values instead.


values
ft_glyph_bbox_unscaled

See FT_GLYPH_BBOX_UNSCALED.

ft_glyph_bbox_subpixels

See FT_GLYPH_BBOX_SUBPIXELS.

ft_glyph_bbox_gridfit

See FT_GLYPH_BBOX_GRIDFIT.

ft_glyph_bbox_truncate

See FT_GLYPH_BBOX_TRUNCATE.

ft_glyph_bbox_pixels

See FT_GLYPH_BBOX_PIXELS.


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FT_Glyph_Get_CBox


  FT_EXPORT( void )
  FT_Glyph_Get_CBox( FT_Glyph  glyph,
                     FT_UInt   bbox_mode,
                     FT_BBox  *acbox );


Return a glyph's ‘control box’. The control box encloses all the outline's points, including Bézier control points. Though it coincides with the exact bounding box for most glyphs, it can be slightly larger in some situations (like when rotating an outline which contains Bézier outside arcs).

Computing the control box is very fast, while getting the bounding box can take much more time as it needs to walk over all segments and arcs in the outline. To get the latter, you can use the ‘ftbbox’ component which is dedicated to this single task.


input
glyph

A handle to the source glyph object.

mode

The mode which indicates how to interpret the returned bounding box values.

output
acbox

The glyph coordinate bounding box. Coordinates are expressed in 1/64th of pixels if it is grid-fitted.

note

Coordinates are relative to the glyph origin, using the Y-upwards convention.

If the glyph has been loaded with FT_LOAD_NO_SCALE, ‘bbox_mode’ must be set to FT_GLYPH_BBOX_UNSCALED to get unscaled font units in 26.6 pixel format. The value FT_GLYPH_BBOX_SUBPIXELS is another name for this constant.

Note that the maximum coordinates are exclusive, which means that one can compute the width and height of the glyph image (be it in integer or 26.6 pixels) as:

  width  = bbox.xMax - bbox.xMin;                                  
  height = bbox.yMax - bbox.yMin;                                  

Note also that for 26.6 coordinates, if ‘bbox_mode’ is set to FT_GLYPH_BBOX_GRIDFIT, the coordinates will also be grid-fitted, which corresponds to:

  bbox.xMin = FLOOR(bbox.xMin);                                    
  bbox.yMin = FLOOR(bbox.yMin);                                    
  bbox.xMax = CEILING(bbox.xMax);                                  
  bbox.yMax = CEILING(bbox.yMax);                                  

To get the bbox in pixel coordinates, set ‘bbox_mode’ to FT_GLYPH_BBOX_TRUNCATE.

To get the bbox in grid-fitted pixel coordinates, set ‘bbox_mode’ to FT_GLYPH_BBOX_PIXELS.


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FT_Glyph_To_Bitmap


  FT_EXPORT( FT_Error )
  FT_Glyph_To_Bitmap( FT_Glyph*       the_glyph,
                      FT_Render_Mode  render_mode,
                      FT_Vector*      origin,
                      FT_Bool         destroy );


Converts a given glyph object to a bitmap glyph object.


inout
the_glyph

A pointer to a handle to the target glyph.

input
render_mode

An enumeration that describe how the data is rendered.

origin

A pointer to a vector used to translate the glyph image before rendering. Can be 0 (if no translation). The origin is expressed in 26.6 pixels.

destroy

A boolean that indicates that the original glyph image should be destroyed by this function. It is never destroyed in case of error.

return

FreeType error code. 0 means success.

note

The glyph image is translated with the ‘origin’ vector before rendering.

The first parameter is a pointer to an FT_Glyph handle, that will be replaced by this function. Typically, you would use (omitting error handling):

  FT_Glyph        glyph;                                         
  FT_BitmapGlyph  glyph_bitmap;                                  
                                                                 
                                                                 
  // load glyph                                                  
  error = FT_Load_Char( face, glyph_index, FT_LOAD_DEFAUT );     
                                                                 
  // extract glyph image                                         
  error = FT_Get_Glyph( face->glyph, &glyph );                   
                                                                 
  // convert to a bitmap (default render mode + destroy old)     
  if ( glyph->format != FT_GLYPH_FORMAT_BITMAP )                 
  {                                                              
    error = FT_Glyph_To_Bitmap( &glyph, FT_RENDER_MODE_DEFAULT,  
                                0, 1 );                          
    if ( error ) // glyph unchanged                              
      ...                                                        
  }                                                              
                                                                 
  // access bitmap content by typecasting                        
  glyph_bitmap = (FT_BitmapGlyph)glyph;                          
                                                                 
  // do funny stuff with it, like blitting/drawing               
  ...                                                            
                                                                 
  // discard glyph image (bitmap or not)                         
  FT_Done_Glyph( glyph );                                        

This function does nothing if the glyph format isn't scalable.


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FT_Done_Glyph


  FT_EXPORT( void )
  FT_Done_Glyph( FT_Glyph  glyph );


Destroys a given glyph.


input
glyph

A handle to the target glyph object.


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